The Society of Interventional Oncology (SIO) released a 2019 white paper on immunotherapy and interventional oncology (IO) that stated, “The role of immunotherapy in cancer care is rapidly developing, and immunotherapy will continue to be a key player in improving cancer care. As our role as interventional oncologists in relation to immunomodulation continues to take shape, multiple questions and challenges exist for determining some of the optimal approaches and implementing immunotherapy into practice.”⁵ Multidisciplinary management of HCC and other cancers has become a given in medicine. IOs must be cognizant of the rapidly evolving role of immunotherapy in the management of HCC, alone, in combination, and with loco-regional interventional therapies.

 The Society of Interventional Oncology (SIO) is committed to advancing the role of interventional oncology to enhance the traditional pillars of cancer treatment: surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy to deliver personalized treatment plans. Working in multidisciplinary teams, IOs play an important role in determining the best course of treatment. It is essential to ensure that these clinicians are up to date with the latest clinical trial results and ongoing research on advances in HCC therapeutic agents to understand current and potential options throughout the course of the disease.